International Society For Technology Education Standard 1...

International Society for Technology in Education Standard 1: Facilitate and Inspire Student Learning and Creativity Kirstin Mills (Strow) CIMT 665 Instructional Innovation Indiana State University The International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE) Standards encourage â€Å"teachers [to] use their knowledge of subject matter, teaching and learning, and technology to facilitate experiences that advance student learning, creativity, and innovation in both face-to-face and virtual environments.† (ISTE, 2008). What is the main purpose of our educational system in the United States? Should we, as educators, strive to help our students graduate from high school, but then just hope that they are able to make a living, or should we†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Standardized testing causes many teachers to only â€Å"teach to the tests†. This practice can hinder a student’s overall learning potential. With the stakes getting higher and higher for teachers, this practice will only continue to increase. The sad reality is that it fosters an atmosphere that is boring and lacks creativeness. Teachers have such pressure to get their students ready for these exams that they neglect to teach students skills that go beyond the tests.† (Pros and Cons, 2013) These standardized assessments are now being administered through computer-based programs, such as Pearson TestNav. Students are gaining experience in how to navigate this specific testing program and the tools available, like calculators, bookmark flags, and highlighters. As mentioned above, there is little to no creativity encouraged during this time, but these assessments are required statewide. Saxena (2012) actually states that school systems across the United States have contributed to the deterioration of creativity for children. The blame can be placed on the high emphasis on preparing for standardized assessments because these skills are require mechanical and systematic thinking, not critical thinking or creativity. As educators who are striving to create meaningful educational experiences for students that promote and support creative and innovative thinking, we must begin thinking outside the box to provide opportunities to advance student learning.Show MoreRelatedAdvantages of Technology in K12 Schools456 Words   |  2 PagesWhile computers and technology have become an integral part of society today, schools and colleges, for the most part, seem to generally avoid the use of communication devices in the classroom. In fact, many teachers, especially those who are from a more traditional teaching background, appear to regard devices such as cellphones in the classroom as some sort of evil to be entirely avoided. 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The objective of this paper is to analyze Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring and weigh its compatibility with practices in the practicum experience of online teaching and learning in geriatric certification courses at Regis University, Rueckert-Hartman College for Health Professions (RHCHP), Loretto-Heights School of Nursing (LHSON)Read MoreUnderstanding 21st Century Skills† in English Language Classrooms3761 Words   |  16 Pagescomplex, demanding and competitive world, students need to go beyond the traditional 3Rs and embrace the 4Cs – communication, collaboration, critical thinking and creativity. 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What do multiple intelligences have to do with my classroom? 4. How has M.I. theory developed since it was introduced in 1983? 5. Who are the critics of this theory and what do they say? 6. What are some benefits of using theRead MoreIntroduction of Sahara India Pariwar16656 Words   |  67 Pagesthe most prestigious real estate projects in India, namely Aamby Valley Project. The project boasts some of the biggest name in Indian entertainment and sports arena as well as some former international Olympic medal winners as its brand ambassadors. The story of Sahara India Pariwar is remarkable by any standard – a corporate fairy tale. In 1978, Subroto Roy, a man from a humble family with 15 dependents, founded a savings institution in Gorakhpur, a poor area in northern India. He had assets of

The Hard Determinist Does Not Exist - 999 Words

People who believe that we have no free will, that there is no free actions are known as a hard determinists. In other words, hard determinism is the doctrine that there are no free actions. To them, everything is casually determined and no one acts freely. The hard determinist does not deny that it seems that we have free will. What they deny is that the way things seems is the way they are. Nothing could ever be any other way than the way it is. Choices do not exist, free will does not exist, and randomness does not exist. What happens depends entirely on the previous arrangements of its cause and could not be otherwise. Hard determinist argue that all human actions are casually determined and therefore we act freely and cannot be held morally responsible for our actions. As an example Bob and Tom are stuck in a room. In one hand, Bob has chocolate cake and in the other hand, he has an apple, Bob is offering him one. Tom was given a choice to either choose the chocolate cake or the apple and he chose the chocolate cakes. To Tom, in his mind, he would say that he chose the chocolate cake on his own free will. If he wanted to, he could have chosen the apple, nothing forced him to pick the chocolate cake, he chose it because he wanted it, and he was free to choose either. A hard determinist would say that his past events made him chose the chocolate cake. Maybe as a child, he was given the sweet sugary treat more often the healthy fresh apple and because of that reason, heShow MoreRelatedDefense of Hard Determinism1100 Words   |  5 PagesOF HARD DETERMINISM Hard Determinism argues that every event is causally determined. For an event ‘A’ to occur casually means that there are antecedent causes that ensure the occurrence of ‘A’ in accordance with impersonal, mechanical causal laws. To clarify hard determinism further, let me present hard determinism as an argument. Basically hard determinism argues that: (a) Determinism is true (b) Determinism is incompatible with free will (Holbach, 451). In defense of premise (a), the hard deterministRead MoreThe Master Of Their Destiny1446 Words   |  6 Pageswith free will. Even though there are many arguments against this theory compatibilism offers people a alternative way of thinking, than that their life is already planned out for them out of their control. A compatibilist or also known as a soft determinist holds the belief that free will and determinism are evidently linked or are compatible with each other. Determinism states that every event is casually necessitated by antecedent events, that the facts of the past, in conjunction with the laws ofRead MoreHow Libertarianism Is The Best Of The Three Views1085 Words   |  5 Pagesyou perform. The Libertarian view consists of one’s actions not being determined, which means that a person would have free will, which is a precondition for moral responsibility. Libertarianism is one of the views under incompatibilism along with Hard Determinism. The opposite of these views is Compatibilism. An example of Libertarianism is: right now, one can either stop reading this essay or can continue to read on. In Libertarianism your next action is not already determined for you, you mayRead MoreFree Will vs Determinism627 Words   |  3 Pageseffects of causal sequences; these sequences rais e questions about the freedom of the choices and actions. Determinists believe our decisions are controlled by previous exposure to differing situations and environments and that each and every one of our actions is caused by a specific prior action or cause. (a occurs because of b, b occurs because of c..etc) In the belief of a determinist, man is no exception to this rule and therefore we are not free due to our actions being a result of a previousRead MoreThe Case Of Mr. Puppet1587 Words   |  7 Pagesentirely. In any event is Mr. Puppet be considered legally responsible for his actions in our scenario given the cases above? Lastly who is that can be blamed for this act? There are three common views regarding the nature of reality: the hard determinist, the soft determinist, and the indeterminist. Regarding these views I aim to show not only is Mr. Puppet a free moral agent, but also that he is both legally responsible and blameworthy for his actions, regardless of any circumstances of his being or upbringingRead MoreAnswers1131 Words   |  5 PagesREADING RESPONSES Explain clearly and completely what makes it so difficult to prove that the external world exists. Why cant the senses be fully trusted? (There are multiple reasons Nagel cites as to why the senses may not be trustworthy – discuss them all.) It’s hard to prove that a physical world exists, because you can only rely on your experiences. Everything that we might have encounter in life, might have been a part of our minds. We could be in a dream state right now. If we try to proveRead MoreDiscussing the Claim that Freewill and Determinism are Incompatible893 Words   |  4 Pagesand not some other event, occurred. Is it often thought that if determinism of this sort is believed, then it implies that freewill does not exist. The argument is as follows: If every event is determined, including every act of choosing, then the choice made has already been determined so therefore cannot be free. Thus, freewill does not exist. If you agree with this argument then you are taking the position of incompatibilism. Incompatibilism is the principle that determinismRead MoreDeterminism Vs. Free Will1341 Words   |  6 PagesDeterminism is a doctrine suggesting that for every event there exist conditions that could cause no alternative event. Free will is a philosophical term describing a particular sort of capacity of rational agents to choose a course of action from among various alternatives. Understandably, the dichotomy between these two concepts is a topic philosophers have debated over for many years. As a result of these debates, a number of alternative philosophical perspectives arguing for the existence ofRead MoreWhat Is Stace s Position On The Problem Of Free Will And Casual Determinism Are Compatible1258 Words   |  6 Pagesposition or view that causal determinism is true, but we still act as free, morally responsible agents. In the absence of external constraints, our actions are caused by our desires. W.T Stace, wanted to prove that the hard determinist defini tion of â€Å"free† was incorrect. He posed that free does not mean random, but that our acts are casually determined in a particular fashion. There must be a deterministic or causal connection between our will and our actions. This allows us to take responsibility for ourRead MoreThe Ethics Of Human Action1629 Words   |  7 Pagesthe view that outside forces are responsible for human actions (Chaffee, 2016, p. 159). Extreme determinists, or â€Å"hard† determinists argue that every human action is caused by factors outside their control (Chaffee, 2016, p. 159). These factors can include predisposition at birth, their environment and experiences, their psychological make up, and social influences (Chaffee, 2016, pp. 159-160). Determinists believe that human freedom is merely an illusion (Chaffee, 2016, p. 159). Humans have no true

Facebook A Report

Question: How and why understudies invest excessively of their energy in Facebook and insufficient time on their college studies? Answer: Introduction These reports underline how and why understudies invest excessively of their energy in Facebook and insufficient time on their college studies. Informal community locales, for example, Facebook, twitter and LinkedIn has given people a way to present them or to express their own subtle elements by associating with different people. These destinations essentially related towards work, connections or social assembling yet the greater part of youthful crowed utilize these sorts of informal organizations to impart music, visit with companions furthermore to discover new babble, for example, what happens on the planet (Birn, Robin, and Patrick Forsyth). The vast majority may utilize these locales to interface with the individuals that they know and to discover new companions. Online informal organization, for example, Facebook has a capacity to make individual profile online of themselves and other who are companions with individual can remark, post features, visit and perspective others p rofiles whenever they need. Any individuals who have entry to web can utilize Facebook; Since Facebook is the most obvious online interpersonal organization among each age restrains, consistently the quantity of clients increments. Aside from these Facebook advantages there are numerous things that individuals do for a case, the individuals can make individual gatherings in light of their own advantage furthermore gather to track one another's close with the home regular work by taking a gander at their own status which they posts. Facebook is the most prevalent person to person communication site which turns into the worldwide marvel for as far back as couple of years (Brace, Ian). The majority of the clients of Facebook are understudies between 18-24 age limit. In any case, colleges and other training foundations everywhere throughout the world are confronting very much and more comparable issues with respect to social networking systems that most understudy use in their regular life. Colleges imagines that Facebook have turned into a disadvantage to understudy are execution on studies. Problem Statements The individuals surmise that most understudies the utilization of Facebook for an impressive time period without focusing on their studies furthermore this issue pulls in extensive consideration among analysts also (Chandler, Jon, and Mike Owen). This pattern has now raised a few issues with respect to the investigations of the college understudies leaving the educators an uncertainty whether the understudies have enough time to chip away at their studies appropriately and are they ready to deal with their time proficiently. Scientist and correspondence researchers have been concurred that ethical frenzy is a typical response to new types of correspondence. In the mid 90s, pundits delineated the dissemination of web as proof of people's expanding estrangement from society and open life (Downing, John). The story with informal communication destinations (SNS, for example, Facebook, MySpace, Twitter and others are not any diverse. Perilous divulgence of data, digital tormenting, enslavement, hazardous conduct and reaching risky groups are yet a couple of the concerns ascended in the media about the utilization of online informal communities. Almost three million individuals of countries are presently taking an interest SNSs routinely where the vast majority of the clients are understudy and the number is expanding every day. These questions have lead distinctive associations, particularly colleges to hold reviews so as to clear them and have an unmistakable perspective with respect to the time administration of the college understudies. Literature Review Since we are in 21st century, these days online networking assumes a huge part on understudies' instruction and now colleges and different foundations grumbles that understudies stay longer time of time on online networking systems without concentrating on college mulls over as much as they used to concentrate before. At the point when Facebook was presented in 2004 by Mark Zuckerberg, he said that this was acquainted in light of the fact that understudies ought to get with know one another better yet today this knowingness has gone too far by influencing understudies' scholastic execution. Firstly we will talk about what social networking is; social networking is a sort of online media which offers individuals to lead discussions, partaking, offering furthermore bookmarking on the web. There is wide mixture of informal organizations which we utilize today. For an illustration, YouTube, Facebook, Emails, LinkedIn and Twitter. These are all cases which we see today that are utilized b y individuals all around the globe to make their regular work simpler. At the point when considering about all these, it has the capacity which say that Facebook drives to rundown as it is all that much important among the individuals paying little respect to the age (Dijk, Jan van). Matured between 18-30 year olds, Facebook is a prevalent social networking system amongst college understudies. Most college understudies use Facebook to visit with companions however there are numerous things you can do with Facebook since it is overall online networking system. Facebook is an expansive wellspring of data for understudies, offering correspondence between understudies, giving records and data trade, and permitting new acquaintances on grounds. Then again, Facebook incorporates a mixture of diversions, for example, transferring pictures, survey profiles, features, and photographs of companions, visiting with companions, and playing, who prompt stalling and harms the learning methodology (Dwyer, Tim). The present study was led keeping in mind the end goal to look at the impact of Facebook on the understudies' learning process in undergrad requesting resources, for example, building. Specifically, it was gone for recognizing different expenses and advantages connected with the understudies' utilization of Facebook and researching the effect of the schools/schools' Facebook pages on the understudies' utilization of Facebook for learning purposes. A survey was filled in by college understudies, and Facebook pages of scholarly organizations were in spected. Facebook was discovered to be especially imperative among first year understudies, profiting their social ingestion in the grounds and their learning sources; however these advantages were lessened for senior year understudies. Notwithstanding, it was observed that social exercises on Facebook devoured a lot of the understudies' opportunity, amid the surfing and even after, along these lines contrarily influencing their learning methodology. These are couple of advantages that Facebook gives individuals (Gane, Nicholas, and David Beer). For a case, we can make new companions who have comparable enthusiasm with are college studies, make amasses inside the companions, talk, post photographs, post features furthermore remark on others profiles. Most critical thing is that when we utilize Facebook the dialect aptitude will move forward. At the point when these sorts of advantages are there most youthful era will pull in to utilize Facebook and make this a chance to make a positive mental self view to them self and also to general society. Research Objectives Research objectives is the most important step in designing a market research plan so the research objectives are as follows Find out what times does students use or spent on Facebook. What motivates and attract students to use Facebook among age groups. To observe their behaviour on Facebook by comparing to university studies. To find out usage and the frequency pattern when students use Facebook. To understand the consequences to university students while students use Facebook. Global view of why students use Facebook When we discuss internationally how social networking systems have developed amid a brief time of time. Facebook alone have 900 million clients around the globe. Every single day individuals continue demonstrating on Facebook and examination demonstrates that normal web clients invests more energy in Facebook than whatever other online networking webpage like Skype, YouTube, LinkedIn and so on, most understudies burn through 106 min every day on Facebook and most understudy utilization Facebook to discover new chatter and to talk with companions (Hinton, Sam, and Larissa Hjorth). Since Facebook is a fascinating social networking system most understudies put there valuable time on Facebook without focusing on college studies. In the event that we discuss the amount Facebook is fascinating among understudy, Facebook was positioned as the most obvious site regarding fame (Imms, Mike, and Gill Ereaut). One of the destinations of the study is to discover the time spending examples of stat e funded college understudies in Facebook. The outcome demonstrates that in a run of the mill day 23.82% understudies spends over one hour in Facebook where in the weekend 27.65% understudies invest the same energy. Amid the day understudies utilizing Facebook over four hour, over three hour and over two hour is 13.19%, 19.14% and 20% individually where as in the weekend these rate are 24.25%, 25.53% and 31.91% separately. Three is a base rate of respondents who are not utilizing Facebook frequently in the common place day or weekend. A number of the understudies in designing see their studies as troublesome, complex, and extreme and obliging a critical speculation of time and endeavors. Along these lines, the season of understudies is viewed as an extravagant asset, which can't be "idle" by useless exercises on Facebook. The expenses and advantages can be diverse between first year understudies and senior understudies. In the first place year understudies are not acquainted with the grounds framework, associates, showing and learning routines, and so forth. Senior understudies in the same workforce have the capability of helping understudies with low self-regard in their first ventures on grounds (Lievrouw, Leah A, and Sonia M Livingstone). Additionally, instructive organizations have begun utilizing informal communities. A significant number of them opened their Facebook pages where they distribute data pertinent to the organization, consequently meaning to urge understudies to utilize Facebook for instructive purposes. Social media networks Social networking alludes to the method for associations among individuals in which they make to impart, offer, trade data with comparative groups and systems. There are numerous individuals who use online networking in there every day workplace, for a sample YouTube, Skype, LinkedIn, Twitter, Google in addition to furthermore dating sits, for example, Oasis and labeled additionally incorporates to the social networking systems. To utilize this sort of social networking system everybody needs web and in present web is a fundamental support of all clients comprehensively (Partridge, Kenneth). Web clients keep on utilizing or invest more energy with online networking systems than different destinations. Indeed, even this media destinations Facebook is the most obvious site which individuals utilization. For the most part these destinations are utilized by 16-28 understudies.When we discuss online networking systems YouTube assumes an in critical part in all age limits on the grounds that YouTube permits billions of individuals to find new things, watch and offer unique and made features. For a sample if a few needs to get some answers concerning another up and coming cellular telephone YouTube is the main site that shows on feature and fundamentally we can see anything, for example, news, motion pictures, melodies or any item which exists or a future item (Ramzan, Naeem). The other fundamental media site is LinkedIn; these destinations are utilized by experts and college understudies. With this site understudy can discover new companions who are working in their work related occupations these sorts of association helps understudies to discover steady employments in the wake of finis hing college. The utilization of long range interpersonal communication by school understudies has gotten to be progressively important to their scholastic lives. Cell phones have included awesome potential by empowering an increment in the utilization of long range interpersonal communication and in the quantity of hours spent on such locales. Being online for quite a while and having the capacity to get to distinctive data from diverse sources in the meantime could bring about data over-burden. Understudies could confront issues in separating the data they get and they may think that it hard to choose which sources they can trust and, subsequently, which to choose. The point of this study is to explore the effect of long range informal communication on school understudies. To accomplish this point, the examination utilizes different philosophies which incorporate distinct/interpretive investigations of the writing and past studies completed by scholastics and modern establishments (Redmayne, Paul, and Hugh Weeks). It additionally uses studies taken among college understudies. A poll was dispersed among 179 understudies at distinctive colleges and advanced education organizations in the Sultanate of Oman to investigate the impact on school understudies of interpersonal interaction utilizing their PDAs. Time spending Data Time Spending Patterns Types Number Total Percentage Total Time spend in Facebook during the day Less than one hour 43 235 18.29 100 More than one hour 56 23.82 More than two hour 47 20 More than three hour 45 19.14 More than four hour 31 13.19 Not regularly 13 5.53 Time spend in Facebook during the weekend Less than one hour 18 235 7.65 100 More than one hour 65 27.65 More than two hour 75 31.91 More than three hour 60 25.53 More than four hour 10 4.25 Not at all 7 2.97 Time preference for connecting with Facebook 8-12 AM 50 235 21.27 100 12-04 PM 43 18.29 4-8 PM 50 21.27 8-12 PM 81 34.46 12-4 AM 11 4.68 Times connect to Facebook during the day one time 51 235 21.70 100 two times 87 37.02 three times 60 25.53 Four times 23 9.78 More than four times 14 5.95 Research Methodology This research methodology proposed is a mix of a numerical study which done in one on one in depth interviews which have been done with ABC university students. First we observe and understand what they do in there day to day life and collect the actual big picture what they think about Facebook (Reis Pinheiro, Carlos Andre). These students were much more enthusiastic to participate in this survey and all these participants were using all of the social media networks what we have today. So we gave them ten exact similar questions to everyone and gave us a better understanding why students use and spend more time on Facebook and less time on university studies. Proposed method of analysis Data collection The main strategy for gathering information was having an up close and personal meeting with the understudies of the college. For that I chose current understudies of the ABC University in London. I went to the University on a day which the college is open as it was anything but difficult to locate 10 irregular understudies (Sutherland, Adam). I went to the premises alongside the printed study inquiries and I stayed in the premises for a couple of hours so that the overview is more powerful instead of doing it at a solitary purpose of time since it serves to meet arbitrary understudies, who are perhaps not associates of the understudies who were at that point been met. When I went over the understudies I initially began a discussion to think about his/her disposition towards looks into and social networking. In the event that the individual is willing to fill the arrangement of inquiries, I gave over the printed survey. This same methodology occurred until 10 understudies filled it in. The online overview was the following step. This was done through messages. The email locations were acquired by getting authorization by capable compelling voices in the college and the understudies were given a structure which contained the contact points of interest to round out at a workshop which was held at the college. At that point the survey was messaged to those understudies. Since I was hoping to get results from 100 understudies, I messaged it to more or less 250 understudies the same number of individuals are not into these sorts of studies (Wardle, Judith). Inside around 2 weeks I had the capacity assemble the outcomes from 100 understudies, who spoke to distinctive nationalities and who were inside the age of 18-30. The survey was filled in by 103 college understudies from seven distinctive building divisions in four scholastic establishments. All the members (96%) had a Facebook account; 88% opened their record before the studies, and 8% amid their studies. Figure 1 demonstrates the circulation of understudies as indicated by their year of studies. Conclusion In conclusions many people use Facebook in day today life and with college understudies; they utilize Facebook all the more often. Facebook is the most obvious social networking system that is exists in today's reality however these online networking systems have been an unsettling influence for college understudies. Since everybody has cellular telephones they download Facebook application to their cell telephone and utilization it. With the reviews we directed and with the comprehension and the answers from understudies we reached a conclusion that Facebook gives a hard time to understudy furthermore in the overview understudy straightforwardly doesn't says that Facebook is influencing their study's however with the outward appearances, says that they invest more energy in Facebook without focusing on their studies (Zarrella, Dan). Facebook is a period expending social networking system so everybody use Facebook each conceivable moment when they free. So study discovering we arrive d at a conclusion that understudy ought to concentrate all the more on studies and less sum on online networking systems. References Birn, Robin, and Patrick Forsyth. Market Research. Oxford, U.K.: Capstone Pub., 2002. Print. Brace, Ian. Questionnaire Design. London: Kogan Page, 2008. Print. Chandler, Jon, and Mike Owen. Developing Brands With Qualitative Market Research. London: Sage, 2002. Print. Dijk, Jan van. The Network Society. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 2006. Print. Downing, John. Encyclopedia Of Social Movement Media. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: SAGE Publications, 2011. Print. Dwyer, Tim. Media Convergence. Maidenhead: McGraw Hill/Open University Press, 2010. Print. Ferber, Robert. Market Research. Print. Gane, Nicholas, and David Beer. New Media. Oxford: Berg, 2008. Print. Hamersveld, Mario van, and Cees de Bont. Market Research Handbook. Chichester, West Sussex, England: John Wiley Sons, 2007. Print. Harvell, Ben. Facebook. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons Inc., 2012. Print. Hinton, Sam, and Larissa Hjorth. Understanding Social Media. Print. Imms, Mike, and Gill Ereaut. An Introduction To Qualitative Market Research. London: Sage, 2002. Print. Lievrouw, Leah A, and Sonia M Livingstone. Handbook Of New Media. London: SAGE, 2006. Print. Partridge, Kenneth. Social Networking. New York: H.W. Wilson, 2011. Print. Ramzan, Naeem. Social Media Retrieval. London: Springer, 2013. Print. Redmayne, Paul, and Hugh Weeks. Market Research. London: Butterworth Co., 1931. Print. Reis Pinheiro, Carlos Andre. Social Network Analysis In Telecommunications. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley, 2011. Print. Sutherland, Adam. Facebook. London: Wayland, 2011. Print. Wardle, Judith. Developing Advertising With Qualitative Market Research. London: Sage, 2002. Print. Zarrella, Dan. The Social Media Marketing Book. Beijing: O'Reilly, 2010. Print.

Swift Essay Example For Students

Swift Essay Jonathan Swift: Misguided and Incorrect Criticisms Jonathan Swift (1667-1745) is quite possibly the greatest satirist in the history of English literature, and is without question the most controversial. Infuriated by the moral degradation of society in the eighteenth century, Swift wrote a plethora of bitter pieces attacking mans excessive pride, and the critical reception has been one of very mixed reviews. While few question Swifts skill as a satirist, his savage, merciless attacks on the foibles of mankind have led more than one critic to level negative accusations against him. His beliefs have led to allegations of heresy, an anti-government attitude and a devotion to freeing mans right to passion. His most famous work, Gullivers Travels, has resulted in attacks on his writing style, and his cruel, invidious assaults on sin have led to cries of egotist, misanthrope and sadist. Every one of these accusations is false. Jonathan Swifts critics are misguided and incorrect in their a ttacks on his beliefs and writings. Jonathan Swift is falsely accused of heresy for attacking human life. Swift infuriates some critics for criticizing something that they feel must be divine since it is the chief instrument of God. These critics argue that human nature must be dignified if it is the key theme of Christianity. They, however, are wrong, and are guilty of being naive. Swift and his supporters counter their attacks by pointing out that it is hypocritical of them to revere such vices as corruption, greed, and immortality, and these critics need to take a serious look at this (Knowles 34-35). Swift himself has answered these charges of heresy, explaining that he has never been anti-Christian and only disagrees with the concept of original sin. Throughout his life and in his writings, Jonathan Swift has always been a devout man of religion (Tuveson 103, 3). Critics falsely claim that Jonathan Swift sees God as much too great for humans (Dennis 58). Swifts writings prove t hat he has always been a firm believer that only God and Christ are capable of absolute moral perfection, but he also strongly believes that man is definitely capable of shortening the gap (Tuveson 129). Swift has said that he normally has no belief in theories or systems, due to the fact that they are driven by man and therefore cannot operate perfectly. Christianity, he feels, is an exception to this rule, because the system guides man just as man guides the system (Bloom, Swift 15). This belief also counters the allegations of heresy. Jonathan Swift has often falsely been accused of being anti-government. One of Swifts many attackers, Leslie Stephen, assails him for tracing every existing evil to the impostures and corruptions . . . of government (Bloom, Gulliver 33). While parts one, two and three of Gullivers Travels are written partially as attacks on the Whigs, Swift only does so because of his allegiance with the Tories, an opposing party. It is a grim portrayal of officials , and Swifts supporters believe it is an accurate one (Knowles 33-34). It is written out of a hope for change, however, not of hate. Swift makes it clear that he is not opposed to government, and he looks down upon radicals and firmly supports government and established institutions (Tuveson 5). Swift is an incredibly moral man, and would never believe that government could be a truly moral body. Nevertheless, he feels it can encourage virtue among its people, even if that is not its actual motive (Bloom, Swift 14). Swift sees a necessity for government if man is to ever realize good sensibility. With the help of government, people can be pushed in the direction of good sense through rules and regulations and eventually, after being forced to act wisely over and over, be able to make good decisions on their own (Tuveson 11). Critics have claimed that Swifts chief goal is to free the world of passion. This is not the case, as a passionless society would render Swift incapable of sati re, and he realizes this (Ward 6). Swift only wants man to realize that he is made up of two parts: passion and good sense (Knowles 36). Swift believes, as Kathleen Williams points out, that mans mind and body are at odds and must be, as far as possible, reconciled. He attacks mans complexity because it prevents him from choosing rationally between passion and good sense and keeps him from maturing into a wholesome, sensible person (Bloom, Swift 15). Swift has no desires to eliminate passion. He only wants man to have some control over it (Knowles 36). Critics incorrectly argue that much of Swifts work is simply absurd and overly imaginative (Knowles 36). Gullivers Travels includes many absurdities, such as gods being frightened by puppies, a jealous minister and meretricious maids of honor, but each of them are included for a reason (Bloom, Gulliver 43). Swift has inserted each of these absurdities to prove his theory that man is naive and ignorant of his problems, because the read er, like Gulliver, laughs at them instead of realizing that they are problems of his own. What many of Swifts critics do not realize is that his writings feature a dark, twisted sense of humor (Bloom, Gulliver 40, 43). He uses comedic undertones and then startles the reader into shock when these absurdities show just how evil man can truly be (Brady 71). He sets up readers with a flip-flop between reality and the imagination (Tuveson 58). What the reader at first fails to realize, and then is horrified to finally see, is that the joke is actually on him (Bloom, Gulliver 44). Swift is criticized for Gullivers ability to write three positive books in Gullivers Travels, when it is said that Gulliver writes the story after his travels are completed and he is completely disgusted by the actions of mankind (Ward 124). These strange actions by Gulliver actually showcase man as over-anxious, someone who acts hurriedly and irrationally and as a result errs in his work (Bloom, Gulliver 45). T he reader can roll his eyes at Gullivers foibles, but when criticizing his writing the reader is criticizing himself for being incomplete and incoherent (Ward 125). Contrary to criticism, Gullivers Travels is far more coherent than it is given credit for (Bloom, Gulliver 45). Another misconception of critics is that the actions of Gulliver are intended to prove that people are less than human (Ward 8). This was never Swifts intention. Gulliver originally comes off as an intelligent fellow, and the reader can easily relate to him. Gulliver later acts foolishly with hubris pride, and the reader frowns upon Gulliver and, as a result, himself (Brady 72-73). Satire like this serves as a wake-up call for the reader. Swift constantly shifts the attitudes of his characters, such as Gulliver, to keep the reader from growing complacent. These shifts irritate the readers views on life and he is forced to change (Ward 7, 15). Jonathan Swift is once again unfairly attacked for his references to human excrement in several of his works. George Gilfillan was so offended that he referred to Swift as a minor Satan. Gilfillan and others are bothered most by several mentions of feces in Gullivers Travels, especially the spraying of Gulliver, and they fail to see the true significance of the excrement. Swift set out to inspire their anger to prove that man often becomes upset over everyday actions which are trivial compared to the bigger picture, which is sin such as pride (Knowles 38). William Hazlett defends Swift on this matter, claiming that those who attack Swift over the excremental references are ignorant hypocrites (Bloom, Gulliver 31). Swift does not put himself above criticism as he has often been accused of doing. He attacks the fallacies of society and, as a member of society, is forced to attack the vices of himself (Ward 2). It has been a common criticism that Swift is foolish for using two different voices in one piece. However, this only points out that Swift does not put himself above criticism, as it showcases the fact that his thoughts and feelings are as incoherent as the rest of societys. Swift loves to mock society, but in so doing, he is also mocking himself (Tuveson 8). Swift has unfairly been referred to as conceited. Critics claim his works are of an egotistical slant that makes simple people look cowardly and deceitful (Knowles 34). Swift cannot possibly be an egotist, as he has made it clear that his chief adversary is mans pride (Tuveson 102). He uses Gulliver as his chief means of conveying this. Gulliver lies early in Gullivers Travels to defend his beliefs and reputation, refusing to take a shot to his ego in the name of honesty (Brady 6). In part one of Gullivers Travels, Gullivers vision is skewed by the rays of the sun. This represents mans blindness towards morality and values. Later, Gulliver is searched by the Lilliputans and they find glasses in his pockets. This proves that mans vision (meaning his views and beliefs) c annot be trusted because his pride gets in the way (Bloom, Gulliver 11-12). To accuse Swift of being self-conscious is as absurd as any other accusation that has been leveled against him. In Swifts time, society began to look at pride as not a vice but a virtue, and Swift felt it was his duty to change this (Brady 28). Perhaps the most common criticism leveled against Jonathan Swift is that he is a misanthrope. Walter Scott, infuriated by Swifts attitude towards man, went so far as to call him an extreme misanthrope and said Swift was full of mental disease (Knowles 37). David Ward goes just as far, claiming that Swift lacks completely that instinctive respect for the value of human life which is an essential part of humanity (9). As Ronald Knowles points out, these attacks on Swift prove that his critics agreed with what he was saying and they resorted to false accusations simply out of fear and paranoia (38). Swift does not hate man for lacking moral perfection. Man cannot be expe cted to have this (Dennis 49). Swift hates mans stupidity, folly and excessive pride, but he has never given up on his brethren (Brady 79). Swift is forced to use extreme pessimism to crack the smug self-confidence of the sinning optimist (Ward 13). He believes that humans, just as animals, are capable of evolving (Tuveson 11). Swift is not a misanthrope, he only wants to create awareness. His goal in works such as Gullivers Travels is to change society, not to create hysteria or destroy it (Brady 23). Several of Swifts critics go even farther than misanthropy, accusing him of sadism. He is accused by some of actually enjoying the pain he inflicts on his readers through his thick satire (Knowles 34). British poet John Gay was bothered greatly by Swifts work, and went so far as to beg Swift to take mercy on his readers, claiming that his writings are much too hard on human beings (Bloom, Gulliver 26). Just as Swift is unfairly labeled a misanthrope, he most certainly is not a sadist. The sole objective of his satire is to simply open peoples eyes to the many problems of human nature. While his writings seem negative, Swift wants to help people, not hurt them. For example, Swift uses midgets and giants in Gullivers Travels. Midgets and giants are still people, but they are by no means as frightening an image as the average human being. By using outlandish humans such as these midgets and giants, Swift allows man to examine the fallacies of himself without becoming overly frightened (Knowles 35-36). Swift never intends to hurt anyone through his writing, and he loves all individuals (Tuveson 105). Due to the immense popularity of works such as Gullivers Travels and A Tale of a Tub, criticism of Jonathan Swift will probably continue on forever. And as more and more people read his bitter attacks on an eighteenth-century lifestyle that mirrors their own in immorality and decadence, more and more accusations such as heretic and misanthrope will be leveled. Swifts wo rk will continue to force people to look themselves in the eyes, and as long as they refuse to accept the truths that Swift lays before them, the naive and ignorant allegations will continue to fly. Jonathan Swift, by his own admission, was not a perfect man nor a perfect writer, but the criticisms leveled against his beliefs and writings simply out of ignorance and naivet will continue to be dismissed as misguided and incorrect. Jonathan Swift: Misguided and Incorrect Criticisms Jonathan Swift (1667-1745) is quite possibly the greatest satirist in the history of English literature, and is without question the most controversial. Infuriated by the moral degradation of society in the eighteenth century, Swift wrote a plethora of bitter pieces attacking mans excessive pride, and the critical reception has been one of very mixed reviews. While few question Swifts skill as a satirist, his savage, merciless attacks on the foibles of mankind have led more than one critic to level negative accusations against him. His beliefs have led to allegations of heresy, an anti-government attitude and a devotion to freeing mans right to passion. His most famous work, Gullivers Travels, has resulted in attacks on his writing style, and his cruel, invidious assaults on sin have led to cries of egotist, misanthrope and sadist. Every one of these accusations is false. Jonathan Swifts critics are misguided and incorrect in their attacks on his beliefs and writings. Jonathan Swift is falsely accused of heresy for attacking human life. Swift infuriates some critics for criticizing something that they feel must be divine since it is the chief instrument of God. These critics argue that human nature must be dignified if it is the key theme of Christianity. They, however, are wrong, and are guilty of being naive. Swift and his supporters counter their attacks by pointing out that it is hypocritical of them to revere such vices as corruption, greed, and immortality, and these critics nee d to take a serious look at this (Knowles 34-35). Swift himself has answered these charges of heresy, explaining that he has never been anti-Christian and only disagrees with the concept of original sin. Throughout his life and in his writings, Jonathan Swift has always been a devout man of religion (Tuveson 103, 3). Critics falsely claim that Jonathan Swift sees God as much too great for humans (Dennis 58). Swifts writings prove that he has always been a firm believer that only God and Christ are capable of absolute moral perfection, but he also strongly believes that man is definitely capable of shortening the gap (Tuveson 129). Swift has said that he normally has no belief in theories or systems, due to the fact that they are driven by man and therefore cannot operate perfectly. Christianity, he feels, is an exception to this rule, because the system guides man just as man guides the system (Bloom, Swift 15). This belief also counters the allegations of heresy. Jonathan Swift has often falsely been accused of being anti-government. One of Swifts many attackers, Leslie Stephen, assails him for tracing every existing evil to the impostures and corruptions . . . of government (Bloom, Gulliver 33). While parts one, two and three of Gullivers Travels are written partially as attacks on the Whigs, Swift only does so because of his allegiance with the Tories, an opposing party. It is a grim portrayal of officials, and Swifts supporters believe it is an accurate one (Knowles 33-34). It is written out of a hope for change, however, not of hate. Swift makes it clear that he is not opposed to government, and he looks down upon radicals and firmly supports government and established institutions (Tuveson 5). Swift is an incredibly moral man, and would never believe that government could be a truly moral body. Nevertheless, he feels it can encourage virtue among its people, even if that is not its actual motive (Bloom, Swift 14). Swift sees a necessity for government if man is to ever realize good sensibility. With the help of government, people can be pushed in the direction of good sense through rules and regulations and eventually, after being forced to act wisely over and over, be able to make good decisions on their own (Tuveson 11). Critics have claimed that Swifts chief goal is to free the world of passion. This is not the case, as a passionless society would render Swift incapable of satire, and he realizes this (Ward 6). Swift only wants man to realize that he is made up of two parts: passion and good sense (Knowles 36). Swift believes, as Kathleen Williams points out, that mans mind and body are at odds and must be, as far as possible, reconciled. He attacks mans complexity because it prevents him from choosing rationally between passion and good sense and keeps him from maturing into a wholesome, sensible person (Bloom, Swift 15). Swift has no desires to eliminate passion. He only wants man to have some control over it (Knowles 36). Cri tics incorrectly argue that much of Swifts work is simply absurd and overly imaginative (Knowles 36). Gullivers Travels includes many absurdities, such as gods being frightened by puppies, a jealous minister and meretricious maids of honor, but each of them are included for a reason (Bloom, Gulliver 43). Swift has inserted each of these absurdities to prove his theory that man is naive and ignorant of his problems, because the reader, like Gulliver, laughs at them instead of realizing that they are problems of his own. What many of Swifts critics do not realize is that his writings feature a dark, twisted sense of humor (Bloom, Gulliver 40, 43). He uses comedic undertones and then startles the reader into shock when these absurdities show just how evil man can truly be (Brady 71). He sets up readers with a flip-flop between reality and the imagination (Tuveson 58). What the reader at first fails to realize, and then is horrified to finally see, is that the joke is actually on him (B loom, Gulliver 44). Swift is criticized for Gullivers ability to write three positive books in Gullivers Travels, when it is said that Gulliver writes the story after his travels are completed and he is completely disgusted by the actions of mankind (Ward 124). These strange actions by Gulliver actually showcase man as over-anxious, someone who acts hurriedly and irrationally and as a result errs in his work (Bloom, Gulliver 45). The reader can roll his eyes at Gullivers foibles, but when criticizing his writing the reader is criticizing himself for being incomplete and incoherent (Ward 125). Contrary to criticism, Gullivers Travels is far more coherent than it is given credit for (Bloom, Gulliver 45). Another misconception of critics is that the actions of Gulliver are intended to prove that people are less than human (Ward 8). This was never Swifts intention. Gulliver originally comes off as an intelligent fellow, and the reader can easily relate to him. Gulliver later acts foolis hly with hubris pride, and the reader frowns upon Gulliver and, as a result, himself (Brady 72-73). Satire like this serves as a wake-up call for the reader. Swift constantly shifts the attitudes of his characters, such as Gulliver, to keep the reader from growing complacent. These shifts irritate the readers views on life and he is forced to change (Ward 7, 15). Jonathan Swift is once again unfairly attacked for his references to human excrement in several of his works. George Gilfillan was so offended that he referred to Swift as a minor Satan. Gilfillan and others are bothered most by several mentions of feces in Gullivers Travels, especially the spraying of Gulliver, and they fail to see the true significance of the excrement. Swift set out to inspire their anger to prove that man often becomes upset over everyday actions which are trivial compared to the bigger picture, which is sin such as pride (Knowles 38). William Hazlett defends Swift on this matter, claiming that those wh o attack Swift over the excremental references are ignorant hypocrites (Bloom, Gulliver 31). Swift does not put himself above criticism as he has often been accused of doing. He attacks the fallacies of society and, as a member of society, is forced to attack the vices of himself (Ward 2). It has been a common criticism that Swift is foolish for using two different voices in one piece. However, this only points out that Swift does not put himself above criticism, as it showcases the fact that his thoughts and feelings are as incoherent as the rest of societys. Swift loves to mock society, but in so doing, he is also mocking himself (Tuveson 8). Swift has unfairly been referred to as conceited. Critics claim his works are of an egotistical slant that makes simple people look cowardly and deceitful (Knowles 34). Swift cannot possibly be an egotist, as he has made it clear that his chief adversary is mans pride (Tuveson 102). He uses Gulliver as his chief means of conveying this. Gulli ver lies early in Gullivers Travels to defend his beliefs and reputation, refusing to take a shot to his ego in the name of honesty (Brady 6). In part one of Gullivers Travels, Gullivers vision is skewed by the rays of the sun. This represents mans blindness towards morality and values. Later, Gulliver is searched by the Lilliputans and they find glasses in his pockets. This proves that mans vision (meaning his views and beliefs) cannot be trusted because his pride gets in the way (Bloom, Gulliver 11-12). To accuse Swift of being self-conscious is as absurd as any other accusation that has been leveled against him. In Swifts time, society began to look at pride as not a vice but a virtue, and Swift felt it was his duty to change this (Brady 28). Perhaps the most common criticism leveled against Jonathan Swift is that he is a misanthrope. Walter Scott, infuriated by Swifts attitude towards man, went so far as to call him an extreme misanthrope and said Swift was full of mental diseas e (Knowles 37). David Ward goes just as far, claiming that Swift lacks completely that instinctive respect for the value of human life which is an essential part of humanity (9). As Ronald Knowles points out, these attacks on Swift prove that his critics agreed with what he was saying and they resorted to false accusations simply out of fear and paranoia (38). Swift does not hate man for lacking moral perfection. Man cannot be expected to have this (Dennis 49). Swift hates mans stupidity, folly and excessive pride, but he has never given up on his brethren (Brady 79). Swift is forced to use extreme pessimism to crack the smug self-confidence of the sinning optimist (Ward 13). He believes that humans, just as animals, are capable of evolving (Tuveson 11). Swift is not a misanthrope, he only wants to create awareness. His goal in works such as Gullivers Travels is to change society, not to create hysteria or destroy it (Brady 23). Several of Swifts critics go even farther than misanth ropy, accusing him of sadism. He is accused by some of actually enjoying the pain he inflicts on his readers through his thick satire (Knowles 34). British poet John Gay was bothered greatly by Swifts work, and went so far as to beg Swift to take mercy on his readers, claiming that his writings are much too hard on human beings (Bloom, Gulliver 26). Just as Swift is unfairly labeled a misanthrope, he most certainly is not a sadist. The sole objective of his satire is to simply open peoples eyes to the many problems of human nature. While his writings seem negative, Swift wants to help people, not hurt them. For example, Swift uses midgets and giants in Gullivers Travels. Midgets and giants are still people, but they are by no means as frightening an image as the average human being. By using outlandish humans such as these midgets and giants, Swift allows man to examine the fallacies of himself without becoming overly frightened (Knowles 35-36). Swift never intends to hurt anyone th rough his writing, and he loves all individuals (Tuveson 105). Due to the immense popularity of works such as Gullivers Travels and A Tale of a Tub, criticism of Jonathan Swift will probably continue on forever. And as more and more people read his bitter attacks on an eighteenth-century lifestyle that mirrors their own in immorality and decadence, more and more accusations such as heretic and misanthrope will be leveled. Swifts work will continue to force people to look themselves in the eyes, and as long as they refuse to accept the truths that Swift lays before them, the naive and ignorant allegations will continue to fly. Jonathan Swift, by his own admission, was not a perfect man nor a perfect writer, but the criticisms leveled against his beliefs and writings simply out of ignorance and naivet will continue to be dismissed as misguided and incorrect. 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Multidisciplinary Needs of Juvenile Offenders

Introduction Juvenile offenders are increasing everyday worldwide over the past years. Most of the youths in juvenile justice system suffer from psychological or emotional disorders as well as drug abuse. However, detention centers for the young offenders lack the appropriate facilities to detect and treat such illnesses. The common problems facing the youth are substance abuse, behavioral and mental disorders.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Multidisciplinary Needs of Juvenile Offenders specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These disorders puts the affected youths at high risks of behaving inappropriately in the society such as sexual abuse. Emotional disorders occur when a youth lacks the ability to function properly due to anxiety and most likely depression. Behavioral disorders occur when the youth acts in a way that causes harm and distress to other members of the society. Boys are more affected by these disorder s than the girls who are only affected most by traumas from past events. Drug abuse and dependency by the youth makes them turn to crime acts. Assessment of these disorders is necessary to help determine the best ways of dealing with them as well as ensuring that legal issues concerning the matter are addressed. Juvenile competence should also be assessed because developmental immaturity may limit them in making decisions and dealing with trials. Assessment is therefore a necessary step in determining youths that require immediate mental attention. They provide a complete evaluation of juvenile behaviors and helps making decisions on treatments to be given. Abuse of drugs is becoming a very common behavior amongst the youth. Just like mental disorders, drug abuse needs to be addressed and assessed as well to determining the factors that are causing them to use drugs. Most of the young drug abusers use the drugs to deal with depression resulting from unemployment, pressure from paren ts and others take drugs due to influence and pressure from friends (Montaldo, 2010, p. 1). Approaches towards young offenders The most effective approach to mental disorders in youths is the accessibility to mental health centers to treat the disorders before getting to critical status where they cannot be controlled. Young drug abusers should be rehabilitated and counseled by psychologists to help them find other ways of solving their problems apart from turning to alcohol. The program to be adopted for rehabilitation should be appropriate in that it will not worsen the problem or fail to work (Mahoney, 2004, p. 1). The decision on the program should be based on the individual’s needs and risks as well as the kind of disorder one has. A community-based treatment program is more effective because the safety of society members needs to be addressed as well. Successful rehabilitation programs require good management systems including training of the rehabilitation staff member s. Supervision teams should be employed to assess the progress of the treatments given.Advertising Looking for essay on criminal law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For effective treatment programs, therapy should be given continuously and monitored periodically. Medical attention may also be helpful where the offenders suffer from depression and mental disorders (Mahoney, 2004, p. 1). Limitations faced The major limitation facing the rehabilitation programs for young offenders is lack of co-operation between staff members which may include different ministries and departments. Some members of the judiciary may have a bad attitude towards the process showing no interest in improving the lives of the young members of the society. Communities in most cases have negative attitudes towards law offenders regardless of the age and do not like being associated with them. As a result of this, the youths do not get the necessary suppo rt that the community should give them in efforts of making their community safer and better. Reference List Mahoney, D. (2004). Addressing the needs of Juvenile Offenders. Web. Montaldo, C. (2010). Juvenile Offenders Need Mental Health Treatment. Web. This essay on Multidisciplinary Needs of Juvenile Offenders was written and submitted by user Silas Nolan to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Inducstrial Revolutions Effects

Social Studies 20 – Module 2 Section 1 Assignment: The Industrial Revolution and it’s Effects on the Modern World The world is better off today because of the Industrial Revolution. The Industrial Revolution not only changed manufacturing and technology, but also the way that people live their everyday lives. The Industrial Revolution started in England in the late 1700s. British people started to use machines to make textiles and steam engines to run machines. Sometime after that locomotives were invented. By 1850 most Englishmen had left their farms and small towns and were laboring in industrial cities. Eventually the Industrial Revolution spread throughout Europe and to North America. The important changes of the Industrial Revolution were 1. The invention of machines to do work previously performed with the use of hand tools. 2. The use of steam in place of muscles. 3. The invention of the factory system. These inventions helped people in many ways. The workweek prior to the Industrial Revolution was around 84 hours; today the average person works about forty hours a week. Also, the work is not as physically demanding today, at work or in the home. Today pe ople purchase goods like clothing and food at stores, where as prior to the revolution all these items had to be made in the home. Before the Industrial Revolution people who worked outside or inside the home worked much harder and longer than we do today. For example, a mother who stayed at home during the day would have spent most of her time preparing meals and staple foods like bread and cheese, as well as making and cleaning clothing, and gathering wood for the fire. Peoples’ homes are more spacious today, with emanates like electricity and running hot and cold water. We also have entertainment and other luxury items, which make our everyday lives more enjoyable. Because of the Industrial Revolution, people today have more material items as well as more free tim... Free Essays on Inducstrial Revolution's Effects Free Essays on Inducstrial Revolution's Effects Social Studies 20 – Module 2 Section 1 Assignment: The Industrial Revolution and it’s Effects on the Modern World The world is better off today because of the Industrial Revolution. The Industrial Revolution not only changed manufacturing and technology, but also the way that people live their everyday lives. The Industrial Revolution started in England in the late 1700s. British people started to use machines to make textiles and steam engines to run machines. Sometime after that locomotives were invented. By 1850 most Englishmen had left their farms and small towns and were laboring in industrial cities. Eventually the Industrial Revolution spread throughout Europe and to North America. The important changes of the Industrial Revolution were 1. The invention of machines to do work previously performed with the use of hand tools. 2. The use of steam in place of muscles. 3. The invention of the factory system. These inventions helped people in many ways. The workweek prior to the Industrial Revolution was around 84 hours; today the average person works about forty hours a week. Also, the work is not as physically demanding today, at work or in the home. Today pe ople purchase goods like clothing and food at stores, where as prior to the revolution all these items had to be made in the home. Before the Industrial Revolution people who worked outside or inside the home worked much harder and longer than we do today. For example, a mother who stayed at home during the day would have spent most of her time preparing meals and staple foods like bread and cheese, as well as making and cleaning clothing, and gathering wood for the fire. Peoples’ homes are more spacious today, with emanates like electricity and running hot and cold water. We also have entertainment and other luxury items, which make our everyday lives more enjoyable. Because of the Industrial Revolution, people today have more material items as well as more free tim...

Toyota Management Strategic Choices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Toyota Management Strategic Choices - Essay Example Great encouragement arose from the Japanese government that needed domestically produced vehicles. Toyota Motor Company was established in 1937 as a stand alone and separate company. The name of the company was changed because it was believed by the Japanese that Toyota, eight is believed a luckier number(Black & Miller, 2008). Moreover, the first car and truck by the company was produced in 1935, the model A1 and G1 respectively. An era of rapid expansion overtook the Toyota Company in 1945 when the company was permitted to sell to the United States military. At the post war times, the company made trucks for war to the military and in 1947 it made the model SA, Toyopet. The car was designed to be cheap and handle the rough terrain of postwar Japan. In the preceding two years, an SD model was successfully made and the Toyopet SF became the first popular Toyota car. In 1955, Toyota Company made the RH model with a 48 horse power and during that time, a year round closure of 8,400 car s was produced (Liker, 2004). In addition, Toyota started producing the Land cruiser, a civilian truck, in the same year. The start of Toyota international sales was characterized by the philosophy of making the production and designs of its products local, building the vehicles in the destined countries to adapt them and also stem up the long term relationships with local labor and local suppliers (Magee, 2008). The company produced the Corona, that had a relatively large interior space and extremely comfortable and had a low price and improved quality however rust was a serious drawback In business there are a category of schemes developed to analyze, maintain, and achieve competitive advantage. Two fundamental decisions accrue: to start with is whether to primarily compete on price, cost, or provide distinctive features that justify higher prices. Secondly, how broad the competitive scope or the market target is.(Pearlson & Saunders, 2010) To commence, the price (cost) leadership strategy was used, has been used and will be used in times to come for Toyota Company to obtain a competitive advantage over its rivals or competitors as Honda Motor Company and General Motors Company Limited to mention a few while maintaining profits in its business operations. The strategy advocates for the vehicles produced by the Toyota Company to always appeal to a broad section of the market at a lower cost. For instance, the Corona was lowly priced to suit the needs of the market and cover a range of customers ( Hoch, 1998) In an attempt to implement this strategy successfully, the company used exceptional efforts to reduce costs without an exclusion of features considered essential by buyers. This was by an establishment of Greenfield operations in the new countries. However, a critical cost advantage method was designed to ensure that the vehicles were so hard a task for the competitor to copy and match what Toyota Company produced. This strategy has a number of benchmarks : the marketplace is always dominated by forms of price competition and very high sensitive buyers, there are many buyers and the bargaining power is in their reach, there is a low switching cost for customers, there are few ways to achieve product differentiation that has more value to consumers and the product in the industry is the same by all sellers. (Pearlson & Saunde

Cloud Computing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Cloud Computing - Research Paper Example For this analysis, focus would be on the public cloud where software and hardware systems are hosted in the remote data center of the provider as opposed to private cloud where the software and hardware systems are hosted in the enterprise of the customer. Thus, instead of having local servers and computers in the consumer’s premises, the provider provides a remote data center from which end users access the cloud through web browsers or mobile applications (Rountree & Castrillo, 2013). These cloud application providers seek to provide similar or better service as if the software programs were locally installed in the end-users’ computers. The capital investment involved in setting up a cloud would be mainly on the data center. This cost would be borne by the cloud provider who acquires all physical computing resources including networks, storage, servers and hosting infrastructure. On the other hand, the operation costs would be passed on to the users. The equipment an d assets in the data center belong to the service provide while the user would enter into a contract with the provider on a monthly or annual basis. Additionally, this cloud provider manages the computing infrastructure meant to provide the cloud services and runs the cloud software which provides the required services. The provider takes up the responsibility of deploying, configuring, maintaining and updating the way software applications operate on cloud infrastructure so as to meet the expected service provision levels. Therefore, the cloud provider would be expected to design, develop, procure, install, test, deploy, provide and manage the IT resources in cloud computing. Raj (2013) observes that this shift of capital demanding model to an operating expense model transfers material risk from the service user to the provider. DEPLOYMENT MODELS Organizational requirements on the services to be accessed from the cloud and the control needed varies greatly. Therefore, different ser vice models have been used to implement the cloud environment. During the early stages in the development of cloud computing, there were only two categorizations, private and public cloud according to Hollwarth (2012). These two shared specific characteristics. However, these categories were extended to cover forms like the hybrid cloud and even a more specialized model known as community cloud. Private cloud Private cloud infrastructure is solely operated for an organization made up of multiple consumers. According to Mell and Grance (2011), the ownership, management and operation of this cloud could be vested in the organization, an appointed third party or a combination of these. It could be hosted on or off premises. Accessibility would be through local area network, LAN or wide area network, WAN (Raj, 2013). This implies that the organization substantially holds control of the data center thus improves on privacy and security issues. Nonetheless, Hollwarth (2012) observes that private clouds could fail to be fully utilized as compared to public clouds and as such could fail to operate efficiently. Additionally, undertaking the control of security of the cloud could come with higher cost implications as opposed to public clouds. Community cloud Shared by various organizations, community cloud is exclusively provisioned for use by a specific consumer community sharing similar concerns such as compliance considerations, policy,

Lindt Truffles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Lindt Truffles - Essay Example The product has lived up to his expectation and satisfied him. This makes him fall in love with the brand and not just become a consumer for life, but in effect a brand ambassador for the company. Good things in life are never free. If you have to consume the world’s finest brand of chocolates, you have to pay a price that is very fine too. Lindor Lindt Trufles are one of the most expensive chocolates in the world. The price itself brings out the target market for the Truffles; they are targeted towards the rich and well off people who can afford and who want to pay a very high price to consume. Price is a major factor, but not the only one. Another factor which identifies the target market for Lindt Trufles is people having aristocratic taste and love for fine items. They need not be very wealthy, but they need to have understanding of the value of things. Demand for Lindor Lindt Truffles is likely to be very stable and not affected by other factors. Although a seasonal variation is likely to occur, but in most cases the demand is fairly inelastic. This is because the consumers are unaffected by other events occurring such as changes in economic or political conditions. Also the chocolates happen to be a very insignificant portion of one’s income; it is not likely to be affected by changes in income. Chris Alleny. Best Chocolates in the world. Articles Base. November 28th 2008. Online. Available at: http://www.articlesbase.com/food-and-beverage-articles/best-chocolates-in-the-world-662334.html. [accessed: 16 April

Murder of Chandra Levy

Murder of Chandra Levy During the summer of 2001, the scandalous murder of twenty-four year old D.C intern, Chandra Levy, had been plastered all over the media. Levys 2001 disappearance formed into a national sensation, after the California native was romantically connected with former congressional representative Gary Condit. The Levy murder, after sixteen years, still remains as Washingtons most famous unsolved crime. There were very few people involved in the proposed scandal. One of the main individuals involved was congressman Gary Condit, a conservative Democrat. He was inconclusively linked to the disappearance of a federal intern, Chandra Levy. It is rumored the two were romantically involved, but Condit stuck heavily with his decision to not verify if this is true. Chandra Levy, native of Modesto, California was an intelligent being, who had a dream to save the world. She was known as a thrill seeker and wanted to become a modern version of Mata Hari, a WWI spy who infiltrated high levels of military commands. She graduated from the University of Southern California with a Masters degree in Public Administration. After interning for a few government members, she learned about the private world of high level politicians who had secret sex lives, Gary Condit for example. She was intrigued by this information, and could easily use her information to her advantage. The scandal between the notable congressman and the intern, was getting a lot of heat, tensions were on the rise. Rumors of Condits tenacious sexual appetite, and how Levy had been done away with, whether it was directly addressed or not by Condit, it is still a mystery. Their relationship could ruin his career and family. However, there are many different theories and versions of what actually happened between the two, although the facts tell the truth. Levy, was secretively an agent of an Israeli spy team called the MOSSAD that sees great importance of their relationships with the U.S, and would be unable to exist, without large amounts of help. The agency is dependent on critical intelligence information that is obtained through cooperation and or secretly. Levy was in the perfect position to gather top secret information, through her position of work and by using her female power of persuasion. Condit, being the senior member of the intelligence committee made him a prime target for such an operation. The seduction of such powerful government officials, provides foreign powers the added advantage of being able to bribe and control the unsuspecting targeted victims to acquire wanted information. After more than 14 months of investigation, Chandra Levys skull had mysteriously been found in Washingtons Rock Creek Park. on May 22st 2002 Although most of the incriminating evidence had been long gone due to the effects of time, it was clear that this was not an accident and had been declared a homicide. Ingmar Guandique, an illegal immigrant from El Salvador, was pinned as the murderer of Levy, all evidence pointed in his direction. Federal prosecutors could no longer prove a case against Guandique. The U.S. attorneys office of Washington concluded that it can no longer prove the murder case against Mr. Guandique beyond a reasonable doubt. (Hounding Gary Condit). The beginning and end of Condit and Levys scandal, took place from May of 2000 up until her disappearance on May 1st of 2001. All of the focus and attention this scandal received, had soon came crashing down along with the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. In March of 2002, Condit lost his bid for re-election, mostly because of his ties to the scandal, making this his first time ever losing an election. While the country was focusing on the scandal, the U.S and British forces had started war with Afghanistan. Lasting over thirteen years. There were enough surrounding events during the time of this case that could become more important to the public. Although Condit was never considered a suspect, rumors had circulated and had never been proven. There was no significant proof that he was involved in the disappearance and murder of Levy, which raised more than a few major red flags. Condit had been subject to a poly graph test at the request of Levys parents Robert and Susan Levy, after sources revealed that Condit admitted to having an affair with the intern. Although he failed to answer key questions it didnt effect the results. There was speculation that his results were tampered with. Andrew Schapiro, New York criminal defense lawyer mentioned that such friendly tests, only requiring three questions, arent considered reliable. Condits refusal to play by the new behavioral rules for public officials. Public officials must go through human ethics training it is an instrument for building integrity in state institutions and making sure there is a noble worth of governance. (What REALLY Happened To Chandra Levy). An online magazine writer, Mikey Kaus suggested that if Condit was normal, smart and aware of the rules of engagement (created in response to the Lewinsky-Clinton scandal) then he would have held a press conference the first week Levy was missing, admitted to having an affair with her, and would say that he was terribly sorry and didnt do anything to harm her. Since this is not what happened, he had been put in the impossible position of trying to establish his own innocence without the media being his ally. The government was not directly affected by this scandal, although small pieces within it were. The complicated and mysterious situation had affected the justice and equity and a sort of closure within Levy and Condits relationship. The laxity of the law enforcement system had been compromised. Since Condit had lost the chance of re-election, all of his campaign money was wasted, but the government did not suffer as much as it could have. Surprisingly, many people were effected by the events, and chilling facts of this case. Chandras parents and family were the most affected, losing a beloved daughter who had such a successful and happy life ahead of her. Soon after Levy had disappeared, her home town of Modesto, California and the Levy family had arranged a memorial for their daughter. A turn-out of twelve-hundred people had shown up to pay their respects to the young intern. Condits career and family life had suffered a large blow, but he was a protected person that could eventually rebuild his life unlike the Levy family, they will never be able to do. There is no perfect outcome from this tragic scandal, there is little justice for Chandra and her family. The conviction of Chandras supposed killer, was clearly made by weak assumptions and deceptive evidence. Ingmar Guandigue had not been convicted for the murder of Levy but had been sentenced for other criminal attacks on women. Condit had preserved his innocence and has been protected from ever being seen as the real villain. The defense attorney who worked on the case, had stated that Condit acted like a guilty man and received special treatment after authorities had ruled him out of being a suspect. Fifteen years following her murder, Condit had published a book called Actual Malice describing the unfortunate events that had occurred during his time knowing and being involved with Levy but also his side of the story. Gary had issued a statement through his lawyer saying that he was disappointed in the dismissal of his involvement in the case. The failure of authorities to bring formal closure to this tragedy after fifteen years is very disappointing but in no way alters the fact that Mr. Condit was long ago exonerated by authorities.Although he has had plenty enough media time to prove his innocence, millions of people whole-heartedly believe that Condit is completely guilty. The national sensation, although unfortunate, had gained millions of questions, and more than enough attention. Government scandals always seem to be covered up somehow, the truth is twisted to preserve ones innocence. Chandra Ann Levy, was someone who could change our world and create a safer place for our future children, her untimely death has made a numerous amount of people open their eyes to much more than what is put in front of them. Levys story, and even her murder has proven that no matter how intelligent, beautiful, and protected people can be manipulated in ways that can end their life.

Essay on Contrasting Settings in Hardys Tess of the dUrbervilles

Contrasting Settings in Hardy's Tess of the d'Urbervilles The setting or settings in a novel are often an important element in the work. Many novels use contrasting places such as cities or towns, to represent opposing forces or ideas that are central to the meaning of the work. In Thomas Hardy's novel, Tess of the d'Urbervilles, the contrasting settings of Talbothays Dairy and Flintcomb-Ash represent the opposing forces of good and evil in Tess' life. A significant portion of the novel taks place at Talbothays Dairy, which represents the force of good in Tess' life. At Talbothays, the air is "clear, bracing, and ethereal"; the river flows like the " pure River of Life" and the air "set up [Tess'] spirits wonderfully." The author describes the valley as a kind of paradise, with clean, fresh air and a flowing river. Upon entering the region, Tess reaches an emotional high encouraged by the beautiful atmosphere. At Talbothays, the milkers form "a little battalion of men and women," often "singing songs to entice the cows...

Marketing Of Landscape Gardening Essay

Landscapers use their aptitude for art combined with their knowledge of plants to create breathtaking landscapes. But a landscape artist cannot share his knowledge unless he promotes his business. Business promotion is a combination of activities that create and maintain a positive image in a customer’s mind. Customer service, broad knowledge of the business and fair pricing strategies support promotional activities and contribute to the success of any business. Word of Mouth (Recommendations) This is the cheapest and best method of advertising your Landscape Gardening business, but it requires that you already have done some work. Your existing clients can be your biggest help in spreading the word about your business. This business thrives on referrals, so make sure that you talk to your existing customers and ask them if there’s anyone that may benefit your service. Advertisements Advertise on newspapers, tv ads, local ad magazines, billboards, your vehicle etc, however, the ads should be short and easy to read. Plant Exhibitions Contact convention organizers and event planning agencies in your area and learn about business exhibition opportunities. Many events are geared toward the small business owner and are reasonably priced. Attend plant exhibitions to promote your business. Plant exhibitions allow you to promote your products or services at a venue related to landscaping. Such exhibitions provide a venue to network and reach out to customers. Trade shows are also a good place to distribute promotional items. Create Business Cards Create business cards that match your brochures and website design. Creating matching promotional collateral creates a cohesive feel and helps establish your brand. Make Brochures Create visually pleasing brochures. Make sure the brochure lists your services, pricing, contact information and a bit about the business. You can also hire a designer to prepare brochures for you. Create a Website Contact a Web developer or create a website on your own. Your website’s content should appeal to people in your area. Include helpful information, such as guides to weeding, planting and winterizing gardens. Several services offer website packages that make creating a site simple. Link your site to Twitter and possibly a dedicated business page on Facebook

crime in IT essays

crime in IT essays Ethics in the Age of Information The information age is the age we live in today, and with the information age comes an age of ethics. When we deal with the new technologies introduced every day, we need to decide what we must consider ethical and unethical. We must consider all factors so that the use of the information readily available to many persons is not abused. "Information technology will be the most fundamental area of ethical concern for business in the next decade" (Houston 2). The most widely used tool of the information age is the computer, whether it be a PC or a network of computer systems. As we enter the information age the newness and power of information technologies tests the ethics of the average person, not just the criminal and causes thousands of computer crimes to be committed daily. The most common computer crime committed daily, some aware and many not, is the illegal sharing of computer software. Software is any of the programs used in operating a digital computer, as input and output programs, as defined by Funk and Wagnalls Standard Desk Dictionary. When you purchase computer software, you purchase it with the understanding that it will be for use on a single computer, once installed on that system, it is not to be loaded on any other computer. However many people are not aware of this understanding, and many load a program on a couple of computers or on a whole network of computer systems not aware that they are committing a crime. Even though you probably will not be prosecuted for loading a program on a friends computer, this is where your ethics come in. Do you consider anything when you share a program with others? If not then consider the programmers of the software who are denied compensation for their developments every time you distribute a piece of software. "Why is it that people who wouldn't think ofstealing pack of gum will copy a $500 piece of software" (Houston 3)? A popular form off illega...

Definition and Evaluation of Holistic Grading

Definition and Evaluation of Holistic Grading Holistic grading is a method of evaluating a composition based on its overall quality. Also known as  global grading, single-impression scoring, and impressionistic grading. Developed by the Educational Testing Service, holistic grading is often used in large-scale assessments, such as college placement tests. Graders are expected to make judgments based on criteria that have been agreed upon before the start of an evaluation session. Contrast with analytic grading. Holistic grading is useful as a time-saving approach, but it does not provide students with detailed feedback. Observations Teachers who practice holistic grading refuse to break down a students essay into separate problems like punctuation and paragraphing, but base their grade on their immediate sense of the whole derived from a deliberately nonanalytical reading.(Peggy Rosenthal, Words and Values: Some Leading Words and Where They Lead Us. Oxford University Press, 1984)Holistic Grading and Peer ReviewIf the speed of grading is more important than detailed feedback, then  holistic grading is  more appropriate; it just means less feedback for the writer. Pairs or small groups can also evaluate one anothers work using this rubric. Called peer review, it gives them practice in evaluation, helps them internalize the criteria, and relieves you of the burden of grading.(Nancy Burkhalter,  Critical Thinking Now: Practical Teaching Methods for Classrooms Around the World.  Rowman Littlefield,  2016)Inductive Holistic Grading[Holistic grading] is relatively quick, efficient, reliable, and fair when ba cked by instructor experience, practice, and familiarity with the student performance range at the institution. In addition, it easily accommodates essays and assignments that demand higher-order thinking and have multiple respectable responses.With inductive holistic grading, which is suitable for small classes, you read quickly through all the responses or papers, rank each above or below the ones you have already read, from best to worst, and then group them for assigning grades. Finally, you write up descriptions of the quality of each group and then give them to students when you return their work. To personalize the feedback, you can add comments to each students sheet or highlight the most applicable parts of the appropriate description.(Linda B. Nilson, Teaching at Its Best: A Research-Based Resource for College Instructors, 3rd ed. Jossey-Bass, 2010) Advantages and Disadvantages of Holistic Grading- An advantage to holistic grading is that graders can evaluate many papers in a short span of time because they do not comment on or correct the students work. Advocates of this method also propose that it makes grading more objective, since students names do not appear on the papers and since the rater may not have had the student in a class . . ..Critics of the method have questioned its validity and reliability, arguing that holistic ratings are swayed by superficial factors such as length and appearance of an essay, that holistic ratings cannot be generalized beyond the group that designed the criteria for judgment, and that the agreed-upon criteria can limit the readers views on the merits of the writing they are evaluating . . ..(Edith Babin and Kimberly Harrison, Contemporary Composition Studies: A Guide to Theorists and Terms. Greenwood Press, 1999)- [H]olistic grading is  probably not the best tactic, even if it seems the ea siest and quickest. Assigning a single score, grade, or judgment leaves the student unsure about both quality and content. One simple approach is to give a composition one grade for content coverage and a separate grade for writing quality.(Robert C. Calfee and Roxanne Greitz Miller, Best Practices in Writing Assessment for Instruction.  Best Practices in Writing Instruction, 2nd ed., edited by  Steve Graham et al. Guilford Press, 2013) Holistic RubricsHolistic rubrics are the quickest way to score papers in any content area, requiring a teacher to read a paper only once. Teachers can develop rubrics by basing them on the content theyve taught and practiced; assess papers based on established criteria agreed upon by students and teachers; and give a single holistic score that indicates the quality level of the writing, ranging from deficient to competent to outstanding.(Vicki Urquhart and Monette McIver, Teaching Writing in the Content Areas. ASCD, 2005)

Tourism and Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Tourism and Development - Essay Example Regrettably, many environmentalists seem unaware of this fact. This once again points to the necessity, for policy makers, managers, and scholars alike, to subscribe to an integrated systemic approach. Within this integrated approach to the development system are the three critically important and interdependent subsystems: economy, environment (conservation), and culture (including society). Taken together, the expanded system illuminates and in practical terms largely equates with the total environment, the total ecosystem, or more precisely the human environment, as an operational system (Gartner 1999, 117; Smith & Eadington 1992, 92). To think narrowly of the human world order in terms such as the "natural environment perturbed by human agencies" omits so much, is unrealistic and artificial, destroys an integrated approach, and by its restrictiveness all but denies sustainability in its non-fundamentalist new sense (West 2004, 307). At the other extreme, to think narrowly in terms of tourist management concerned only with tourism supply, demand, infrastructure, and consumers, in other words "the industry," is to sadly misinterpret today's realities. To view development in the matrix of the development system does not dilute attention to the economy or natural environment; rather, it adds significantly by acknowledging previously missing elements. Under contemporary circumstances, the natural environment is being looked at much more seriously than before, but in a considerably wider context. In developing countries1, it is understood that long term survival means the conservation and enhancement of the resource base in a closely knit milieu of cultural needs and economic aspirations. I term this element in this context "conservation," but conservation in its widest sense. Poverty is considered a major element in environmental degradation in some countries (for precision in the use of the term "degradation," see Butcher, 2002, 80). Attempts to prevent poverty in some places, and in others to prevent degradation from other sources and to restore degraded landscape while maintaining acceptable living conditions, require both development and redevelopment to take new and more benign directions. Large numbers of the elements of more conventional development may remain, but they may not be extended as far as previously and they might now explore new directions while others are being reassessed (Butcher 2002, 45). The removal of negative externalities where serious environmental and social impacts exist would normally become an expected cost of production, and higher consumer costs would be a tradeoff for a nondeteriorating, overall human environment (Farrell 1992, 27). The use of higher priced, chemical-free meat and vegetables, perceived by numbers of tourists as already worthwhile, or higher room rates associated with lower tourist densities on environmentally sensitive land would be examples. But for the tourism operator, all would not be lost by any means. What might appear a setback in one area can be an unexpected surprise in another. Interesting tradeoffs may arise, such as specialized eco-tourism (Mowforth & Munt 2003, 112). Other examples include tourism protecting or reinforcing the protection of wildlife in Kenya, gorillas and chimpanzees in Zaire (World Wildlife Fund-Conservation Foundation 1988 cited in Smith 2003, 33), harp seals in Labrador, wetlands in